Audience: Technical/Installer
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Phase 2A Report (Alkalinity, chloride, corrosivity, LSI, nitrate, nitrate-nitrite, orthophosphate, total phosphate, and sulfate):
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Emerging Contaminant Consumer Study
This independent study was performed by researchers from the University of Wisconsin system in June 2021, to gauge the American public’s knowledge of emerging contaminants in drinking water and their interest and willingness to pay for Point-of-Use (POU)/Point-of-Entry (POE) home water filtration devices. POU devices treat drinking water at the point of consumption (e.g., kitchen…
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Emerging Contaminant Removal and Microbial Growth in POU Membrane Filtration and Activated Carbon
Emerging Contaminant Removal and Microbial Growth in POU Membrane Filtration and Activated Carbon systems are common point-of-use (POU) water filtration systems. They are used to remove contaminants from drinking water, including trace-level emerging contaminants, as the last barrier to protect human health before consumption.
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Reduction of Chloride to Wastewater Treatment Plants
The final report of this study is available on Madison Metropolitan Sewerage District’s (MMSD) website. The study can be used as a model approach in areas struggling with chloride discharge. The final conclusions were that on average, softener optimizations could reduce the concentration of chlorides by 27% while replacement with systems meeting 4,000 grains/lb. salt efficiency could reduce the…
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Softened Water Benefits Studies
This study tested deices fed with softened and unsoftened water under controlled laboratory conditions designed to accelerate the waterside scaling in the device and quantify the performance efficiency. The project specifically focused on efficiency improvements in household water heaters from use of softened water, and the subsequent effect on performance of fixtures, such as low-flow…
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Selenium Fact Sheet
Selenium is a metal found in natural deposits as ores containing other elements. The greatest use of selenium compounds is in electronic and photocopier components, but they are widely used in other products as well. Selenium releases to the environment have been primarily from copper smelting industries. The largest releases from 1987 to 1993 occurred…
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Silver Fact Sheet
Biologically, silver is a nonessential, non-beneficial element to humans. There are no scientific studies to show adverse health due to its presence in drinking water from natural sources. However, because of its bactericidal abilities, silver is used as a water bacteriostat in carbon containing water filters. The silver is deposited onto the carbon granules to…
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Taste & Odor Fact Sheet
There are many causes and sources for taste and odor problems. The chemicals responsible for these problems in drinking water are mostly considered to contribute undesirable aesthetic effects, such as bad tastes, odors and off color or cloudiness. These contaminants and those covered under the USEPA National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations (NSDWRs) at the Secondary…